General Knowledge Indian Geography: Questions and Answers -1
1. The total geographical area of India?
Approximately 3.28 million sq km: India's total area is 3,287,263 square kilometers, making it the seventh-largest country in the world by area.
2. Which is the longest river flowing entirely within India?
Godavari: While the Ganges is longer, a significant portion of it flows through Bangladesh. The Godavari, at about 1,465 km, is the longest river flowing entirely within India.
3. The highest peak in India, located in the Eastern Himalayas, is:
Kangchenjunga: Kangchenjunga (8,586 m) is the third highest mountain in the world and the highest in India, situated on the border between Nepal and Sikkim, India.
4. Which Indian state has the longest coastline?
Gujarat: Gujarat has the longest coastline among Indian states, extending about 1,600 km.
5. The Thar Desert is primarily located in which Indian state?
Rajasthan: The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is a large arid region in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, mostly in Rajasthan.
6. The Tropic of Cancer passes through how many Indian states?
Eight: The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) passes through Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
7. Which mountain range is also known as the Sahyadri Mountains?
Western Ghats: The Western Ghats is a mountain range that runs parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula and is also locally known as the Sahyadri mountains.
8. The capital of Lakshadweep Union Territory is: Kavaratti:
Kavaratti is the capital of the Union Territory of Lakshadweep, an archipelago of islands in the Arabian Sea.
9. Which river is known as the 'Ganga of the South'?
Godavari: The Godavari is often referred to as the 'Dakshin Ganga' (Ganga of the South) due to its length and cultural significance in South India.
10. The highest dam in India is:
Tehri Dam: The Tehri Dam, built on the Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand, is the highest dam in India and one of the highest in the world.
11. India shares its longest land border with which country?
Bangladesh: India shares a 4,096.7 km long border with Bangladesh, making it the longest land border shared with any country.
12. The famous 'Valley of Flowers' National Park is located in which state?
Uttarakhand: The Valley of Flowers National Park, known for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and diverse fauna, is located in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand.
13. The 'Deccan Plateau' is located in which part of India?
Peninsular India: The Deccan Plateau is a large plateau in the southern part of India, lying between the Western and Eastern Ghats.
14. Which strait separates India from Sri Lanka? Palk Strait:
The Palk Strait is a strait between the Tamil Nadu state of India and the Jaffna District of the Northern Province of the island nation of Sri Lanka.
15. The Rann of Kutch is a large seasonal salt marsh located in which Indian state?
Gujarat: The Rann of Kutch is a large area of salt marshes located in the Thar Desert in the Kutch District of Gujarat.
16. The oldest mountain range in India is:
Aravalli Range: The Aravalli Range, located in northwestern India, is one of the oldest fold mountain ranges in the world.
17. The capital of Andaman & Nicobar Islands is:
Port Blair: Port Blair is the capital city of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands, an Indian archipelago in the Bay of Bengal.
18. Which river forms the famous 'Jog Falls'?
Sharavathi River: Jog Falls, also known as Gerosoppa Falls, is the second highest plunge waterfall in India, located on the Sharavathi River in Karnataka.
19. The fertile plains formed by the deposition of sediments by rivers are known as:
Alluvial Plains: Alluvial plains are flat lands formed by the deposition of sediment (alluvium) over a long period of time by one or more rivers, such as the Indo-Gangetic Plain.
20. Which state is known as the 'Land of Five Rivers'?
Punjab: Punjab literally means "Land of Five Rivers," referring to the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas.
21. The southernmost point of mainland India is:
Kanyakumari: Kanyakumari (Cape Comorin) in Tamil Nadu is the southernmost tip of the Indian subcontinent.
22. The highest peak of the Aravalli Range is:
Guru Shikhar: Guru Shikhar (1,722 m) is the highest point in the Aravalli Range, located in Rajasthan.
23. Which type of climate is predominantly found in most parts of India?
Tropical Monsoon Climate: India primarily experiences a tropical monsoon climate, characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons influenced by the monsoon winds.
24. The famous 'Sunderbans Delta' is formed by which two rivers?
Ganges and Brahmaputra: The Sunderbans Delta, the largest mangrove forest in the world, is formed at the confluence of the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Meghna rivers in the Bay of Bengal.
25. Which city is known as the 'Queen of the Arabian Sea'?
Kochi (Cochin): Kochi, a major port city in Kerala, has been known by this epithet since ancient times due to its importance as a trade center.
26. The 'Indian Standard Time' (IST) is based on the longitude passing through which city?
Mirzapur (near Allahabad), Uttar Pradesh: IST is based on 82.5° E longitude, which passes through Mirzapur.
27. The only active volcano in India is located in:
Barren Island, Andaman & Nicobar: Barren Island is an island located in the Andaman Sea, and is the only confirmed active volcano in South Asia.
28. Which parallel of latitude forms the boundary between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch region?
24th Parallel North: The 24th parallel north has been disputed as the boundary between India and Pakistan in the Rann of Kutch region.
29. The longest national highway in India is: NH 44:
National Highway 44 (NH 44) runs from Srinagar in the north to Kanyakumari in the south, covering a distance of 3,745 km.
30. Which state is known as the 'Spice Garden of India'?
Kerala: Kerala is famous for its spices, including cardamom, pepper, cloves, and cinnamon.
31. The capital of India, New Delhi, is located on the banks of which river?
Yamuna River: The Yamuna River flows along the eastern edge of Delhi.
32. Which state is the largest producer of rice in India?
West Bengal: West Bengal is consistently the largest rice-producing state in India.
33. The 'Chota Nagpur Plateau' is a rich storehouse of minerals and is located primarily in which state?
Jharkhand: The Chota Nagpur Plateau covers much of Jharkhand and parts of Odisha, West Bengal, and Chhattisgarh, and is rich in coal, iron ore, and other minerals.
34. The famous 'Dal Lake' is located in which Indian city?
Srinagar: Dal Lake is a picturesque lake located in Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir.
35. Which Indian state is known for its Bhabar region, characterized by porous alluvial fans along the foothills of the Himalayas?
Uttarakhand / Himachal Pradesh / Northern Plains: The Bhabar belt is a narrow, porous plain at the foothills of the Himalayas, where rivers deposit pebbles and boulders.
36. The major coffee-producing state in India is:
Karnataka: Karnataka is the largest producer of coffee in India, accounting for over 70% of the total production.
37. The 'Eastern Ghats' are discontinuous and irregular because:
They are highly eroded by peninsular rivers: Many large rivers like Godavari, Krishna, Mahanadi, and Kaveri have cut through the Eastern Ghats, making them discontinuous.
38. Which Indian state is bordered by Bhutan, Nepal, and China on three sides?
Sikkim: Sikkim is a small Himalayan state bordered by Nepal to the west, Bhutan to the east, and China (Tibet Autonomous Region) to the north.
39. The 'Palk Bay' and the 'Gulf of Mannar' lie between India and: Sri Lanka:
These bodies of water are located between the southeastern coast of India and the western coast of Sri Lanka.
40. The Loktak Lake, famous for its floating phumdis (heterogeneous mass of vegetation, soil, and organic matter), is located in which state?
Manipur: Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Northeast India, famous for its unique floating islands (phumdis).
41. Which is the smallest state in India by area?
Goa: Goa is the smallest state by area, covering 3,702 sq km.
42. The highest point in the Western Ghats is:
Anamudi: Anamudi (2,695 m) in Kerala is the highest peak in the Western Ghats and also the highest point in South India.
43. The Konkan Coast runs along which Indian states?
Maharashtra and Goa (partially Karnataka): The Konkan Coast is a rugged section of the western coastline of India, extending from Daman in the north to Goa in the south, sometimes extending to Karwar in Karnataka.
44. Which river is also known as the 'Sorrow of Bihar' due to its frequent floods?
Kosi River: The Kosi River is infamous for its changing course and devastating floods, particularly in Bihar.
45. The 'Coromandel Coast' is located in which part of India? Southeastern Coast (Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh):
The Coromandel Coast is the southeastern coastland of the Indian subcontinent, bounded by the Utkal Plains to the north, the Bay of Bengal to the east, the Kaveri Delta to the south, and the Eastern Ghats to the west.
46. The 'Gir National Park' is famous for conserving which animal species?
Asiatic Lions: Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary in Gujarat is the only place in the world where Asiatic lions are found in their natural habitat.
47. Which Indian state has borders with four other Indian states and one international border with Nepal, but no coastline?
Bihar: Bihar shares borders with Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Nepal.
48. The Bhakra Nangal Dam is built across which river?
Sutlej River: The Bhakra Nangal Dam is a concrete gravity dam on the Sutlej River in Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.
49. What is the narrow strip of land that connects mainland India with the Northeastern states (Seven Sisters)?
Siliguri Corridor (Chicken's Neck): The Siliguri Corridor is a narrow stretch of land linking India's northeastern states with the rest of India.
50. The 'Great Indian Peninsular Plateau' is largely composed of which type of rocks?
Igneous and Metamorphic rocks: The Deccan Plateau, a major part of the Peninsular Plateau, is primarily formed of ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks, including extensive basaltic lava flows.
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