26. KNOWLEDGE SPECTRUM - DISCIPLINE -
31. Leading questions (questions suggesting their answers) are not allowed in examination-in-chief, and re-examination. But they are permissible in cross-examination.
32. The accused GS cannot be forced to give evidence. But if he offers himself as his own witness, he can be examined by the AGS and cross-examined by the P.O.
33. The standard of proof required in a departmental inquiry is that of preponderance of probability, and not proof beyond reasonable doubt as in a criminal trial.
Special Provisions
34. It is the duty of a Government Servant (G.S.) to communicate to his official superiors the fact of his conviction. Failing to do so will invite disciplinary action, as it amounts to suppression of material information.
35. If a GS is convicted on a criminal charge and the Disciplinary authority decides to issue an order imposing a penalty, there is no need to wait for the period of filing an appeal by the GS. If the GS has already filed an appeal, there is no need to wait for its outcome. Penalty can be imposed in either case. However, the UPSC should be consulted, where necessary.
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