General Knowledge Questions on Indian Culture & Freedom struggle 1.

 Peravai Academy – PA Exam Materials – PO Guide Part II - 10
Com Saju Hiyan, Divisional Secretary, AIPEU Group C, Kanniyakumari Division

Liability of the Post Office and payment of indemnity: Compensation is payable for loss, damage to contents, or loss of contents of an insured article. The amount equals the lost value or actual loss, up to the insured amount (replacement value for documents). For articles insured only for inland transit, compensation is limited to that for a registered article if loss occurs outside India. In case of total loss or damage, postage charges are refunded, but insurance fees are not. The indemnity is payable to the sender. If a damaged insured article is delivered to the addressee, indemnity is payable to the addressee.

The sender or addressee can waive the claim in favor of the other. They may also authorize a third party if internal legislation allows. Indemnity is paid by the postal administration of origin if to the sender, and destination if to the addressee.

No compensation is payable in the following cases:
• Where articles have been delivered and irregularity occurs after delivery.
• In circumstances beyond control (force majeure).
• Damage caused by sender's fault or negligence, such as inadequate packing.
• Where the article contained anything prohibited.
• Where the article was fraudulently insured for a sum greater than actual contents value.
• Where the sender fails to make an enquiry within one year from posting date.
• Ships or aircraft are unable to accept liability for insured letters on board.

Perishable Biological Substances Only specified perishable biological substances can be sent or received by foreign letter post by qualified laboratories or institutions (Refer Book & UPU Website). Exchange is permitted only with countries that admit such substances. Articles containing perishable biological substances are accepted only as registered items by air, subject to postage and air surcharge for registered letters.

Special packing conditions: Perishable biological substances must be packed in an inner non-porous container with an outer protective container and absorbent material placed either in the inner container or between the outer and inner containers. They must be packed to prevent any movement. The outer container and wrapping must have a violet-colored label with specific text and symbol on the side bearing sender and receiver addresses. Infectious or reasonably suspected infectious substances for humans and animals must be declared "Infectious substances". Letters containing such substances are subject to special packing. Senders must ensure shipments arrive in good condition and pose no hazard during transport. Triple containment Principle is considered:
1. A leak-proof primary receptacle with the biological material.
2. A leak-proof secondary packaging (usually screw-capped plastic tubes); if liquids are sent, sufficient absorbent material capable of absorbing the entire liquid is inserted. The secondary packaging must retain physical integrity during transport.
3. An outer packaging/carton box of sufficient strength and size to withstand usual mechanical stress during transport and carrying all required labels: sender’s and recipient’s addresses, green customs label (if applicable), and biological substances label. A standardized diamond-shaped label (10 cm x 10 cm or 5 cm x 5 cm) with black letters on a white ground is to be used. Perishable biological substances allowed entry into India under the Destructive Insects and Pests Act of 1914. No plant shall be imported into India by letter post, only by Parcel Post (air or sea), except prohibited and restricted plants. Foreign countries have their own rules for plant, insect, and fungi import.